Accdg to the food vloggers that you can see on social media, I’d say you need to at least experience Roxas Night Market when visiting Davao. You can mostly see the barbeque stalls with different seafood and meat choices. There are Halal options too.
I mostly prefer the fruits in cups, you can ask the seller to premix it with spicy shrimp paste.

Just a heads up, their rice serving is quite small (compared to what I usually have in Cebu), so consider ordering extra rice and try their spicy chicken pastil.

After the food stalls, there are massage therapists (in tents) that offers their services. Next stalls are cellphone accessories, souvenirs and other items. Next block are the ukay-ukays.

This might not be totally the same as Sugbo Mercado, but consider exploring this. Just check the vlogs on Facebook for visual references.